Which classification is associated with a patient who has a severe systemic disturbance?

The classification associated with a patient who has a severe systemic disturbance is ASA class 4. This classification refers specifically to patients who are facing a significant systemic condition that poses a constant threat to their life. These individuals may be experiencing conditions such as severe heart disease, severe respiratory issues, or other critical health problems that require careful management and consideration when undergoing anesthesia.

In the ASA classification system, class 1 represents a healthy patient with no systemic disease, and class 2 describes a patient with mild systemic disease, such as well-controlled hypertension or diabetes. Class 3 indicates a patient with severe systemic disease that limits their activities but is not incapacitating. In contrast, class 4 patients present with serious, often life-threatening systemic disturbances that necessitate comprehensive evaluation and often more cautious anesthesia approaches to ensure their safety.